Disclaimer

Last updated: [DATE]

For study use only — not medical advice

Pass the Shift, operated by Discipline Dynamics LLC (a South Carolina limited liability company), provides study guides and AI-assisted study tools for nursing students. Nothing on this Site is medical, clinical, nursing-practice, pharmacological, or legal advice, and nothing here creates a nurse–patient, provider–patient, or instructor–student relationship.

In an emergency, call 911.

Not a substitute for clinical judgment, school, or facility policy

Content is not a substitute for:

• your assigned textbooks and course materials;
• your instructors, clinical faculty, and preceptors;
• your school’s or program’s policies, and your clinical site’s policies and procedures;
• current drug references, prescriber orders, and professional clinical judgment. When this Site differs from your course, instructor, facility policy, or a current primary source, follow those. Lab normal ranges, drug dosing, and protocols vary by institution and change over time.

AI tools can be wrong

The summary and ask-a-question tools use artificial intelligence. Output may be inaccurate, incomplete, outdated, or not applicable to your textbook edition. Always verify against primary sources (e.g., CDC, NIH/MedlinePlus, DailyMed/FDA, your textbook). The tools will not answer patient-specific questions; take those to your instructor, preceptor, or the treating provider.

Reviewer note

Study guides show a “last reviewed” date and reviewer. Review by a registered nurse does not guarantee accuracy and is not a clinical endorsement. Report errors to [EMAIL].

Textbook summaries

Textbook summaries are a general overview in original words of topics commonly covered in a section — not a substitute for reading your assigned text. Page numbers and content vary by edition. We are not affiliated with or endorsed by any publisher or author.

Academic integrity / plagiarism notice

• Use the Site to learn, not to complete graded work. Submitting AI or Site output as your own work may be plagiarism or an academic-integrity violation under your school’s honor code.
• Never use the Site during an exam, quiz, or proctored assessment, or where your instructor prohibits AI tools.
• Check your syllabus and program policy (e.g., your university’s academic misconduct code and any course AI policy) before using AI for any assignment. If AI use is allowed, disclose it as your instructor requires.
• Do not cite Pass the Shift or AI output as an authority in scholarly papers. Go to and cite the original source.

Citation guidance

Cite the primary source you actually read (the CDC page, journal article, guideline, or textbook), in the style your course requires. Most RN-to-BSN programs use APA 7th edition — confirm with your syllabus.

APA 7 — web page: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024, May 2). Title of page. https://www.cdc.gov/…

APA 7 — journal article: Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (2023). Title of article. Journal Name, 12(3), 45–67. https://doi.org/xxxx

AMA 11th edition — web page: Title of page. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated May 2, 2024. Accessed [Month Day, Year]. https://www.cdc.gov/…

Chicago (17th/18th ed., notes-bibliography) — web page: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Title of Page.” Last modified May 2, 2024. https://www.cdc.gov/…

If your instructor permits citing AI (APA example): OpenAI/[Provider]. (2026). [Model name] [Large language model]. https://… — and describe the prompt in your text. Many instructors do not accept AI as a source; ask first.

Helpful guides: APA Style (https://apastyle.apa.org), AMA Manual of Style (https://www.amamanualofstyle.com), Chicago Manual of Style (https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org), Purdue OWL (https://owl.purdue.edu).

No warranty / liability

All content is provided “as is” without warranties. See the Terms of Use for limitations of liability.